You may have sound of the word SMPS, which stands for Switched Mode Power Supply if you have a personal computer. But what exactly does it mean and what does it deliver? Here we will go over the fundamentals of SMPS and why is vital for your computer.
What is SMPS?
A SMPS is an electronic device that transforms electrical power from one form to another. It is also known as a Switching Mode Power Supply. It converts the alternating current AC electricity from the mains to the direct current DC power that your computer components require.
For example, your CPU might require 12V, your RAM might want 3.3V, and your hard disc requires 5V. SMPSs may provide these varied voltages by rapidly switching on and off a transistor and regulating the output voltage with a transformer, a capacitor, and an inductor.
Why is SMPS important?
SMPS is vital for your computer because it has various advantages over the standard linear power supply, which reduces voltage with a huge and heavy transformer and a resistor. Some of the benefits of SMPS include:
- Efficiency: SMPS is more efficient than linear power supply because it less watts of power as heat. This means that your computer will consume less electricity and less heat. which is good for your wallet and the environment. A linear power supply has an efficiency of 50% or less, whereas an SMPS has an efficiency of 80% or greater.
- Size and Weight: Because it uses a smaller and lighter transformer that runs at a high frequency, SMPS is smaller and lighter than linear power sources. This means your computer will be more compact and portable, which is beneficial to both your workspace and your back. A linear power supply can weigh several kilograms, whereas an SMPS can weigh as little as one kilogram.
- Performance: Because it can vary the output voltage fast and precisely according to the load, SMPS can perform better than linear power supplies. In terms of system stability and data integrity, this implies that your computer will have a steady and dependable power source. The voltage drop and ripple of an SMPS can be much smaller than those of a linear power supply.
Types Of SMPS
Various structures and circuits are used by various SMPS types to perform the voltage conversion. Among the popular types of SMPS are:
DC-DC Converter: A DC voltage can be changed into another DC voltage using this kind of SMPS. It serves the purpose of supplying various voltages to various computer components. A DC-DC converter, for instance, can change the 12V coming from the primary SMPS to 3.3V for the RAM
Forward Converter: This kind of SMPS rectifies the output using a diode and steps down the voltage using a transformer. Though it has a reduced output fluctuation and better efficiency, it is comparable to a DC-DC converter.
Flyback Converter: This kind of SMPS corrects the output using a diode and stores and transfers energy using a transformer. It differs from a forward converter in that it can transport current without a choke. It is less expensive and has a wider range of output voltage, but its efficiency is lower and its output fluctuation is larger.
ATX SMPS Standard ATX Power Supply
In desktop computers, this is the SMPS kind that is most frequently used. It complies with the ATX standard, which specifies the physical settings, connections, and electrical characteristics. To meet the needs of different systems, ATX power supplies are available in a range of wattage levels. They commonly have the following connectors and parts:
- Main 20/24 Pin Connector: This gives the motherboard electricity.
- Processor 4/8 Pin connector: Provides the CPU with electricity.
- SATA connectors: These supply power to optical drives, SSDs, and hard drives.
- Molex peripheral connectors: Supply power to various peripherals, including fans.
- PCIe connectors: For graphics cards with higher power needs.
SFX SMPS (Small Form Factor Power Supply)
Mini-ITX setups and other smaller form factor computer cases are intended for SFX power supplies. Compared to ATX power supply, they are smaller and offer comparable capability. Different wattages of SFX power supplies are available to meet the power needs of small systems.
Modular and Non-Modular SMPS
Modular power supply enables you to separate and reattach the necessary connections, minimizing the amount of cable clutter inside your computer casing. The wires on non-modular power supplies are fixed.
Conclusion
The SMPS is a crucial component of your computer that transforms mains AC power into the DC power required by your components. Compared to a regular power supply, it offers a number of benefits, including increased efficiency, reduced weight and size, and improved performance.
The form factor of the computer casing, power requirements, and any required certifications or special features all impact the choice of SMPS for a computer. Standard desktop computers usually use ATX power supplies, while compact or specialized computer systems use smaller or more specialized form factors.
What is the simple definition of SMPS in computer?
Switching Mode Power Supply, also known as Switched-Mode Power Supply. This electronic power supply converts electrical power effectively by means of a switching regulator. Switching Mode Power Supply is another name for it.
What is SMPS voltage?
Most kinds of desktop PC switched-mode power supply (SMPS) are AC to DC models. SMPS converts AC mains input to DC (3.3V to 12V) output. The motherboard, hard drives, expansion cards, CPU, fan motors, and other electronic circuits in the computer system are all driven by the DC outputs.
Is SMPS hardware or software?
SMPS is an internal Hardware Of Computer
Last update on 2024-09-19 / Affiliate links / Images from Amazon Product Advertising API